![]() And, because of this inhibition, and unlike odor responses in groups of ORNs, responses in groups of projection neurons decorrelated over time, allowing better use of the antennal lobe coding space. Further, we found that the antennal lobe trans- form ed infor matio n cont ained in the temporal dynamics of the ORN response into patterns that were more broadly distributed across groups of projection neurons, and more temporally complex because of GABAergic inhibition from local neurons. ![]() The antennal lobe cir- cuitr y enabl ed the trans ient osci llato ry sync hron izatio n of grou ps of projection neurons. To evaluate the contributions of the antennal lobe cir- cuits, we examined subsequent processing of the ORN responses with a model of the antennal lobe network. Our computational model of the first two stages of the olfactory system revealed that several well-described properties of odor codes previously believed to originate within the circuitry of the antennal lobe (odor-elicited spatio-temporal patterning of projection neuron activity, decoupling of odor identity from intensity, formation of fixed-point attractors for long odor pulses) appear to arise within the ORNs. The heterogeneous firing patterns of sensory neurons may, to a greater extent than presently understood, contribute to the production of complex temporal odor coding structures in the antennal lobe. Thus, output from ORNs contains temporal structures that vary with the odor. Further, odors could elicit responses in some ORNs that greatly outlasted the stimulus duration, and some ORNs showed enduring inhibitory responses that fell well below baseline activity levels, or reliable sequences of inhibition and excitation. ![]() A single ORN could respond with diver se firing patte rns to diffe rent odors, and, a singl e odor ant could evoke diffe rentl y struc ture d resp onse s in multi ple ORNs. Extracellular recordings from the olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs) that provide input to the antennal lobe showed that the ORNs themselves can respond to odorants with reliable spiking patterns that vary both in strength (firing rate) and time course. ![]() ![]() We combined electrophysiological recordings in the locust with well-constrained computational models to examine how these neural codes for odors are generated. Odorants are represented as spatio-temporal patterns of spiking in the antennal lobe (insects) and the olfactory bulb (OB, fish, mam- mals). ![]()
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